All of the following except the resistance of demonstrate artificially selected resistance. a) beef cattle, to "shipping fever", b) many agricultural wheat varieties, to drought and fungus, c) anatarctic fish to freezing, due to antifreeze proteins in their blood, d) many common grasshopper species to pesticides, such as diazinon, sevin, and others,

African penguins, which inhabit the coasts of southern africa, were classified as an endangered species in 2010. two significant threats to their survival are ecosystem damage from oil spills and overfishing by humans. overfishing depletes the food supply of african penguins. the best method to reduce the threat of overfishing would be to . the risk of oil spills could be reduced by increasing the use of , which should oil consumption. if an oil spill does occur, could be used to remove the oil so the ecosystem may more quickly recover.