Specialized proteins that act as catalysts for chemical reactions are carbohydrates lipids enzymes nucleic acids

Specialized proteins that act as catalysts for chemical reactions are enzymes.

Enzymes are special proteins that significantly act as catalyst, speeding up the rate of almost all of the chemical reactions that occur within cells. Enzymes are composed of long chains of amino acids that are joined together by peptide bonds. There are several types of enzymes and typically, a certain enzyme is responsible for a specific chemical reaction only. Enzymes are important for life because they perform various essential functions in the body, such as aiding in digestion and metabolism.

it cools slower in the earth meaning the crystals have more time to form than lava on the surface

igneous rocks which formed by the crystallization of magma at the surface of the earth called extrusive rocks. they are characterized by fine-grained textures because the rapid cooling at or near the surface did not provide enough time for large crystals to grow.