It could take up to 3 years for a manned spacecraft to reach mars and return to earth. this is a long time for a spacecraft to be supplying cool air and oxygen to the crew and to be processing wastes.

how might manned missions to mars decrease the energy needed to perform these tasks?
a.
put the crew in airtight space suits.

b.
train the crew to live without oxygen.

c.
put the crew in a state of hibernation

d.
train the crew to not produce any waste.

What causes temperature extremes in the desert

Mouse liver cells were homogenized and the homogenate subjected to equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation with sucrose gradients. fractions obtained from these gradients were assayed for marker molecules (i.e., molecules that are limited to specific organelles). the results of these assays are shown in the figure. the marker molecules have the following functions: cytochrome oxidase is an enzyme involved in the process by which atp is formed in the complete aerobic degradation of glucose or fatty acids; ribosomal rna forms part of the protein-synthesizing ribosomes; catalase catalyzes decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; acid phosphatase hydrolysis monophosphoric esters at acid ph; cytidylyltransferase is involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; and amino acid permease aids in transport of amino acids across membranes. a) name the marker molecule and give the number of the fraction that is most enriched for each of the following cell components: lysosomes; peroxisomes; mitochondria; plasma membrane; rough endoplasmic reticulum; smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Does all the energy stored by the phytoplankton reach the top level of the pyramid