Sea ice is difficult to measure from Earth's surface. How do you think scientists measure it?

Arctic Sea ice extent is virtually impossible to accurately measure from the Earth's surface. Scientists use radiometry data and visible imagery collected from the satellites to determine the sea ice extent.

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loss of sensation to pressure and touch

the dorsal column–medial lemniscus pathway (dcml) (also known as the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway (pcml)) is a sensory pathway of the central nervous system that conveys sensations of fine touch, vibration, two-point discrimination, and proprioception (position) from the skin and joints.