An ecosystem engineer can cause a cascade of effects including abiotic and biotic changes. O True
False

O True

Explanation:

Ecosystem engineers are able to modify the surrounding environment, either by creating new habitats or modifying/destroying existing ones to adjust them to their needs. These species can significantly alter their environments, having a large impact on the species richness as well as modifying the availability of abiotic factors (e.g., water, space, etc) of a particular area. In certain environments, ecosystem engineers can even act as keystone species. Some examples of ecosystem engineers include, among others, beavers, woodpeckers, corals, etc.

the cost of mining is extremely low compared to the money earned from mining, creating income to improve the environment.

the answer is c. it will give up it's valence electron to the other atom.