After a week with lots of rain, runoff has caused a large amount of fertilizer to wash into the ocean from the farms on the California Coast. This caused a bloom in phytoplankton. When these microscopic
creatures die after their short life, their decomposition creates an environment in the water with little
oxygen, making it toxic to mussels and crabs. Identify two organisms which may benefit from this decline
and two organisms (other than mussels and crabs) which may suffer. Explain why this advantage or
disadvantage would occur.

Ms. w, a 21-year-old woman, came into a clinic after suffering a deep laceration on her foot while walking barefoot around her yard. the wound was cleaned, sutured, and bandaged, and she was released to return home after receiving tetanus antitoxoid. within 72 hours, the wound area was red and swollen, the suture line was dark in color, and it was accompanied by severe throbbing pain. ms. w had a high fever, her heart felt like it was racing, and she was finding it hard to concentraten even on simple tasks. she returned to the clinic and was immediately taken to the hospital. following lab tests, a diagnosis of acute necrotizing fasciitis was made. discussion questions 1. explain why ms. w. received a tetanus antitoxoid before leaving the hospital. (see chapters 3 and 4, infection and passive immunity.) 2. explain how acute necrotizing fasciitis developed in this case and the pathophysiology involved. (see acute necrotizing fasciitis.) 3. what is the potential outcome for ms. w if antibiotic drugs do not reduce the infection quickly?