In what ways do humans affect the different trophic levels in ecosystems on Earth?

Our results contrast with research conducted in protected areas that suggested human effects in the food web are primarily predator-mediated. Instead, human influence on vegetation may strengthen bottom-up predominance and weaken top-down trophic cascades in ecosystems.

Explanation:

Humans are dominant consumers. They affect food webs through energy production and agriculture, pollution, habitat destruction, overfishing and hunting. Also their demands for food and shelter along with population growth, affecting soil and aquatic ecosystem.

explanation:

for  example, forests have higher evapotranspiration than other ecosystems,  such  as grasslands, because of their deeper roots and greater leaf area. thus forests have a net moistening effect on the atmosphere and become a moisture source for downwind ecosystems.

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explanation:

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