Explain why plants that produce seeds can reproduce even in seedless or plants.

I think most of this falls under parthenocarpy, where fruit production is stimulated without stimulation of the ovules, so seeds don’t develop, or stenospermocarpy, where the seed develops but is aborted. Either way, if this happens without stimulation, then the plants can’t reproduce sexually. There are probably examples of this where humans haven’t specifically selected for the trait and are now taking cuttings and replanting them, but I don’t know them. Anyway the plants are no longer capable of capable of sexual reproduction. This can be artificially induced by spraying plants with specific hormones, gibberellins among them, as Moris Monte noted, or by “fertilizing” a seeded variety with dead or altered pollen, or pollen from another plant. Such as seedless grapes?

Cutting and growing from that cutting normally

Some aren't really seedless. But the seeds are so soft you can't notice.

Others use spores lile fungi

Have a awesome day❤️✨

Explanation:

Seedless vascular plants reproduce through unicellular, haploid spores instead of seeds; the lightweight spores allow for easy dispersion in the wind. Seedless vascular plants require water for sperm motility during reproduction and, thus, are often found in moist environments. Seedless plants can reproduce asexually or sexually. Some seedless plants, like hornworts and liverworts, can reproduce asexually through fragmentation. When a small fragment of the plant is broken off, it can form a new plant. Plants that reproduce by seeds. Seed plants have special structures on them where male and female cells join together through a process called fertilisation. After fertilisation, a tiny plant called an embryo is formed inside a seed. The seed protects the embryo and stores food for it.

Explanation:

enzyme active site and substrate specificity

enzymes bind with chemical reactants called substrates. there may be one or more substrates for each type of enzyme, depending on the particular chemical reaction. in some reactions, a single-reactant substrate is broken down into multiple products