How does smoking affect the cardiovascular system directly

What causes the force that pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe and vent of a volcano?

1) what three conditions must be present for minerals to form through natural processes? 2) why are minerals considered inorganic substances? 3) how do oxides differ from other minerals that contain oxygen atoms? 4) how is a sulfide different from a sulfate? what makes native elements unique?

Which of these substances does not protect against invaders in the nonspecific immune response? a. saliva b. mucus c. tears d. urine