A couple planning their family are aware that through the past three generations on the husband's side a substantial number of stillbirths have occurred, and several malformed babies were born who died early in childhood. The wife has studied genetics and urges her husband to visit a genetic counseling clinic, where a complete karyotype-banding analysis is performed. Although the tests show that he has a normal complement of 46 chromosomes, banding analysis reveals that one member of the chromosome 1 pair (in group A) contains an inversion covering 70 percent of its length. The homolog of chromosome 1 and all other chromosomes show the normal banding sequence. (a) How would you explain the high incidence of past stillbirths? (b) What can you predict about the probability of abnormality/ normality of their future children? (c) Would you advise the woman that she will have to bring each pregnancy to term to determine whether the fetus is normal? If not, what else can you suggest?

In all probability, crossing over in the inversion loop of an inversion (in the heterozygous state) had produced defective, unbalanced chromatids, thus leading to still births and or malformed children.

It is probable that a significant proportion (perphaps 50 percent) of the children of the man will be similarly influenced by the inversion.

Since the karyotypic abnormality is observable, it may be possible to detect some of the abnormal chromosomes of the fetus by amniocentesis of CVS. However, depending on the type of inversion and the ability to detect minor changes in banding patterns, not all abnormal chromosomes may be detected.

Explanation:

the most common energy conversion is from kinetic energy to potential energy, and then from potential energy to kinetic energy.

later on comes the heat energy, mechanical energy, and other energy conversions.

this energy conversion is so common that we can find it in our day to day lives as well.

- one of the most common energy conversions involves the changing of potential energy to kinetic energy or kinetic energy to potential energy

not too sure but maybe in the hot springs.