Wolbachia pipentis is a species of bacteria that infect fruit flies. When the genome of the fruit fly was sequenced, it was found that most of the genome of the bacteria had been integrated into the fruit fly genome. Describe what has happened between these two organisms.

A. This passing of genes between organisms of different species is caused by mutations. This type of gene transfer can increase genetic variation only, if it happens in the cells that produce eggs and sperm.
B. This passing of genes between organisms of different species is called gene recombination and happens during sexual reproduction. This type of gene transfer has no effect on genetic variation.
C. This passing of genes between organisms of different species is caused by gene duplications. This type of gene transfer can increase genetic variation, if the duplicated genes acquire new functions.
D. This passing of genes between organisms of different species is called lateral gene transfer. This type of gene transfer can increase genetic variation, and therefore diversity.

there are mainly three domains in biological classification namely; archaea, bacteria, and eukarya.

archaea includes all the prokaryotic cells which are characterized by their lipid membranes. they have branched hydrocarbon which is attached to glycerol through an ether linkage.

bacteria includes all the prokaryotic cells, the cell membrane of which are made up of the unbranched fatty acid chain. in addition, they are attached to glycerol through an ester bond.

eukarya includes all the eukaryotic cells, that is, the cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound cell organelles.

they can be autotrophic as well as heterotrophic, unicellular as well as multicellular

they include kingdoms like protista, plantae, animalia, fungi et cetera.

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explanation:

step 1: nitrogen fixation- conversion of atmospheric no₂ into forms useful to plants by lightning, bacteria, and cyanobacteria.

step 2: nitrification-process of converting ammonia to nitrite or nitrate.

step 3: assimilation-plant roots absorb new form of nitrogen.

step 4: ammonification-conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia by bacteria involved in decomposition.

step 5: denitrification-bacteria turns the decomposed matter back into n₂o, which is released into atmosphere; repeat cycle.