Las especies Drosophila nasuta y D. albomicans, dos especies gemelas de la región Indo-Pacífica, al cruzarse los híbridos F 1 son fértiles. Pero la F 2 tiene poca fertilidad, deja pocos descendientes y con una proporción de sexos alterada. El motivo es que el cromosoma X de D. albomicans está translocado y unido a un autosoma, lo que origina meiosis anormales en los híbridos. Las fusiones y fisiones cromosómicas robertsonianas son variaciones en el número de cromosomas que surgen por fusión de dos cromosomas acrocéntricos (los de un solo brazo) en un solo cromosoma de dos brazos -lo que determina una disminución del número haploide-, o, por el contrario, por fisión de un cromosoma en dos cromosomas acrocéntricos, en este caso aumentando el número haploide. Si dos poblaciones difieren en el número de cromosomas, los híbridos entre ellas pueden experimentar una cierta pérdida de fertilidad, y por tanto inferior adaptación, al tener una meiosis irregular.

the oceanic zone is typically defined as the area of the ocean lying beyond the continental shelf, but operationally is often referred to as beginning where the water depths drop to below 100 meters (328 feet), seaward from the coast to the open ocean.

explanation:

1: most common garden plants prefer loam — soils with a balance of different-sized mineral particles (approximately 40% sand, 40% silt, and 20% clay) with ample organic matter and pore space. however, some plants grow better in sandy soils, while others are well-adapted to clay soils.

2: available water capacity is the maximum amount of plant available water a soil can provide. it is an indicator of a soil's ability to retain water and make it sufficiently available for plant use. available water capacity is the water held in soil between its field capacity and permanent wilting point.

3: it is the same for all living things (plants and animals). it also includes very tiny organisms that our eyes cannot see. they are known as microorganisms, and include viruses, bacteria and fungi.

i believe it is c: genes for body color and wing size are inherited separately from each parent.