Why is the gravitational force between the bottom two balls smaller than that between the top two balls?

All ova contain sex chromosomes corresponding to: x y xx xy

10. in which phase will crossing-over occur? a. mitosis b. metaphase ii c. prophase i d. meiosis ii

The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. based on this information, one can logically assume which of the following statements to be correct? a. dna was the first genetic material. b. the same codons in different organisms translate into the different amino acids. c. different organisms have different numbers of different types of amino acids. d. a gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism. e. all organisms have experienced convergent evolution.