Describe the possible roles of RNA processing and posttranslational modification in explaining the observation that human insulin, with only 51 amino acids, is in fact a product of the gene that actually has nearly 40,000 base pairs.

he forelimbs below belong to four species that descended in a direct line from the ancestral mammal shown above. of the four descendants shown, which species most likely appeared earliest in evolutionary history?

after a the power stroke, adp is released, but the cross-bridge formed is still in place. atp then binds to myosin, moving the myosin to its high-energy state, releasing the myosin head from the actin active site.