This is a chemical process in a specific type of autotroph which uses the energy from one type of chemical compound to create a different form of chemical energy. This usually occurs in the hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean.

common management practices in dairy and poultry farming are: (i) proper shelter facilities and their regular cleaning. (ii) some basic hygienic conditions such as clean water, nutritious food, etc. (iii) animals are kept in spacious, airy, and ventilated place.