PLSS HELP how is gene knockout similar to gene sequencing?

Gene knockout is a technique used to determine the function of a gene that has already been sequenced, which is achieved by analyzing the phenotype of the individual carrying the knockout mutation(s). Moreover, gene sequencing is a technique used to determine the sequence of a given gene, which allows to determine how gene variants (polymorphisms) may be associated with the phenotypes of the target trait.  

Explanation:

In genetics, gene knockout is a technique used to trigger mutations in a (already) sequenced gene in order to inactive its function and observe the resulting phenotype for a particular trait. This approach that starts with the inactivation of a given gene and ends with the phenotype is known as reverse-genetics. On the other hand, gene sequencing can be defined as the methodologies/techniques/tools used to determine the nucleotide base pair sequence of a particular gene. The gene knockout technique involves knowing a priori the gene sequence in order to obtain a gene knockout (gene KO). The combination of the information obtained from these techniques can be used to determine how variation (genetic variation) affects the expression of a phenotypic trait.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.