The sudden twisting of a joint beyond its normal range of motion, causing a temporary subluxation, is called a:

Sprain

Explanation:

A sprain occurs when a joint is weakened by the advent of some mechanical forces which cause twisting of the joints. This results in partial dislocation of one of the bones at the joint. The effect of strain can range from mild to severe depending on the amount of damage that is being caused at the joint region.

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