After plants or animals die and are under a lot of pressure for a long time, they become

it's anything that aren't producers and consumers.

explanation:

you've got to be clear on what "this" is

affects the water bodies: excessive use of fertilizers causes eutrophication. the fertilizers which are used on plants affect the quality of land on which it is used, further causing erosion of soil. the fertilizers used on plants contain harmful chemical fumes which affect the environment.

meiosis is the correct answer