Biology, 12.12.2020 16:50 strent45

Four random genetic matches then formed the following diploid offspring. Using the text box or pen tools, label the alleles on each offspring.

Four random genetic matches then formed the following diploid offspring. Using the text box or pen

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Answer from: quanntwann2873

Crossing-over events occur during the prophase 1. After anaphase 2, telophase 2, and citokynesis, 4 gametes are formed. Each gamete has different genetic information. Alleles are labeled in the attached file.

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Since I do not have the parentals genotype, I will consider two traits, each coded by a single diallelic gene.

Gene 1:

A is the dominant allelea is the recessive alleleLocated in the superior arm of the chromosome

Gene 2:

B is the dominant alleleb is the recessive alleleLocated in the inferior arm of the chromosome

I will assume that both parents are heter0zyg0us for both traits, so their genotypes are AaBb.

During gamete formation, the pairs of h0m0logous chromosomes separate after crossing over. Then, sister chromatids also separate. The result is the formation of four gametes.

Each gamete has different information from the combination of h0m0logous chromosomes belonging to the father and to the mother.

Mother

During the prophase of meiosis 1, the mother's homologous chromosomes express two crossing-over events. One of them in the superior arm and the other one in the inferior arm.

The segments interchange between chromosomes involves Gene 1 and Gene 2.

During anaphase 2, sister chromatids separate, and after telophase and cytokinesis, four haploid gametes are formed carrying the following chromosomes,

AB → Parentalab → RecombinantAB → Recombinantab → Parental

Father

During the prophase of meiosis 1, the father's homologous chromosomes express one crossing-over event in the inferior arm.

The segments interchange between chromosomes involves Gene 2.

During anaphase 2, sister chromatids separate, and after telophase and cytokinesis, four haploid gametes are formed carrying the following chromosomes,

AB → ParentalAb → RecombinantaB → Recombinantab → Parental

Gametes' destiny is to randomly merge in the process of fecundation, during which a new diploid cell called zygote emerges through fertilization.

The zygote is a complete cell that suffers successive mitosis to form the new organism.

In the exposed example,

Offspring 1 → Parental gamete ab from the mother merged recombinant

gamete aB from the father → genotype aaBb

Offspring 2 → Parental gamete AB from the mother merged recombinant

gamete aB from the father → genotype AaBB

Offspring 3 → Recombinant gamete ab from the mother merged

recombinant gamete Ab from the father → genotype Aabb

Offspring 4 → Parental gamete ab from the mother merged recombinant

gamete ab from the father → genotype aabb

For a better understanding, you can see the image in the attached files in which alleles are labeled.

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You can learn more about crossing-over at

link

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