The DNA in some lung cells was damaged by the carcinogenic compounds in tobacco and apoptosis was initiated. Which of the following is the best way for the damaged lung cells to send a message to their neighboring cells that
they need to increase the production of DNA repair enzymes or start apoptosis as well?
O They should send signaling molecules into the bloodstream
O They should send signaling molecules through the gap junctions.
O They should send signaling molecules across a small extracellular space.
O They should send signaling molecules by secreting them into the local environment

The observations of hooke and van leeuwenhoek documenting the existence of microscopic cells formed the basis of what important theory? a. the cell theory stating that all living things are composed of cellsb. the theory of spontaneous generation, which held that life forms could arise spontaneouslyc. the theory of chemotherapy, or use of antimicrobials to destroy pathogenic organismsd. the germ theory of disease and causative agents

Approximately 90% of all cases of polycystic kidney disease are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. the disease is typically related to mutations to genes (pkd1 and pkd2). pkd genes can be found on chromosome 16. the disease occurs in approximately 1: 800 to 1: 1000 people. here is a hypothetical example. the dominant allele d will cause the development of pkd. the recessive allele is known as d. what genotypes would correspond to suffering from pkd? dd, dd what genotypes would correspond to being normal (not suffering from pkd)? dd consider that 1: 1,000 people have pkd in your population of 325million. consider that pkd is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. show you math for all of the following questions: what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is p? what is q? how many people in your population would have pkd?

Which is an example of a vestigial structure? a: paw of a lionb: wing of a birdc: appendix of a humand: tail of a cat(i think it's a but i'm not sure)