23. Which type of chemical reaction tends to occur on its own, or spontaneously?

Which is an advantage of having memory cells when a pathogen is encountered for a second time. a) the memory cells are what proliferate into clones of cells in response to the binding of an antigen. b) memory cells are vital to the primary immune response in that they immediately recognize pathogens even at the first encounter. c) memory cells are essentially effector cells that are short lived and attack antigens even without having a receptor specific to that antigen. d) it ensures that more lymphocytes with a receptor specific to a particular antigen will be present than in a host that had never encountered that pathogen.

What is the surface temperature of the ocean where hurricanes form? greater than 80 celsius approximately 27 celsius at least 76 celsius less than 10.5 celsius

According to this food web which of the following would be considered primary consumers