Part 1: Designing Solutions 1. Describe the two phenomena (sub-problems) that caused the contamination of
Cleveland's drinking water,
2. What criteria (data points) were the NOAA buoys collecting to address the sub-problems
faced by Cleveland Water? Which of these criteria should have highest priority when
determining a solution to the sub-problems?
3. What societal, ecological, or technical constraints should resource managers consider
before proposing solutions?
4. Describe the design solution engineers and scientists developed to prevent
contamination of Cleveland drinking water. Why did their solution need to address both
sub-problems equally?
5. Propose two additional solutions to address the ecological phenomena causing the
water contamination in Lake Erie.
Part 2: Claim-Evidence-Reasoning
1. In what ways have the buoys lessened the negative effects of water contamination in
Lake Erie.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

the answer is true when observing or determining population size, a direct observation is use, in which each organism is counted in a population or in an area. one benefit of this measure is that you get the exact population count but it will take a long time to  determine  the  size  of a  population.