A powerful windstorm moves through a densely populated white oak forest. The oaks in this forest have either smooth or rough bark. The storm randomly knocks down 50% of the white oak trees. The remaining oaks grow and produce seeds that germinate and fill in spaces in the forest. All of the new oaks have smooth bark. Which of these processes is described in this example?

Monarch butterflies have brightly colored orange wings with black patterns on them, making them easily visible to birds that eat butterflies and moths, yet birds rarely eat the monarchs. likewise, the monarch caterpillars are brightly striped yellow and white and black, and they also are rarely eaten by birds, although some wasps will attack them and feed them to their young. what can be inferred from these observations? monarchs must threaten and attack birds, but not wasps. monarchs have a way of discouraging bird predation that does not involve hiding. monarchs’ wings are so colorful that most birds must find them difficult to eat. monarchs lay more eggs than other less conspicuous butterflies.