Which of the following explains the role of banana trees as pictured in the rainforest food web shown below? (4 points) Diagram for a rainforest food web. The food web contains the following organisms: jaguar, parrot, python, frog, chimpanzee, fruit bat, insects, banana tree, fungi, and slime molds. The fungi and slime molds are at the bottom of the web and connected to the remaining organisms in the food web. The banana tree is connected to the fungi, slime molds, fruit bat, and insects. The fruit bat is connected to the fungi, slime molds, banana tree, and python. The insects are connected to the fungi, slime molds, banana tree, frog and parrot. The frog is connected to the fungi, slime molds, insects, and parrot. The chimpanzee is connected to the fungi, slime molds, banana tree, and jaguar. The parrot is connected to the fungi, slime molds, frog, jaguar, and python. The python is connected to the fungi, slime molds, the parrot, and the fruit bat. The jaguar is connected to the fungi, slime molds, chimpanzee, and parrot.

a
They are heterotrophs that get their energy by consuming autotrophs and other heterotrophs.

b
They are photoautotrophs that make food by converting water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen, using energy from the Sun.

c
They are saprotrophs that recycle organic waste into food that can be eaten by consumers.

d
They are chemoautotrophs that use organic chemicals as an energy source to make food when not enough sunlight is available.

the answer is B

Explanation:

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synovial joints are characterized by the presence of a joint cavity. the walls of this space are formed by the articular capsule, a fibrous connective tissue structure that is attached to each bone just outside the area of the bone’s articulating surface. the bones of the joint articulate with each other within the joint cavity.

friction between the bones at a synovial joint is prevented by the presence of the articular cartilage, a thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the entire articulating surface of each bone. however, unlike at a cartilaginous joint, the articular cartilages of each bone are not continuous with each other. instead, the articular cartilage acts like a teflon® coating over the bone surface, allowing the articulating bones to move smoothly against each other without damaging the underlying bone tissue. lining the inner surface of the articular capsule is a thin synovial membrane. the cells of this membrane secrete synovial fluid (synovia = “a thick fluid”), a thick, slimy fluid that provides lubrication to further reduce friction between the bones of the joint. this fluid also provides nourishment to the articular cartilage, which does not contain blood vessels. the ability of the bones to move smoothly against each other within the joint cavity, and the freedom of joint movement this provides, means that each synovial joint is functionally classified as a diarthrosis.

outside of their articulating surfaces, the bones are connected together by ligaments, which are strong bands of fibrous connective tissue. these strengthen and support the joint by anchoring the bones together and preventing their separation. ligaments allow for normal movements at a joint, but limit the range of these motions, thus preventing excessive or abnormal joint movements. ligaments are classified based on their relationship to the fibrous articular capsule. an extrinsic ligament is located outside of the articular capsule, an intrinsic ligament is fused to or incorporated into the wall of the articular capsule, and an intracapsular ligament is located inside of the articular capsule.

at many synovial joints, additional support is provided by the muscles and their tendons that act across the joint. a tendon is the dense connective tissue structure that attaches a muscle to bone. as forces acting on a joint increase, the body will automatically increase the overall strength of contraction of the muscles crossing that joint, thus allowing the muscle and its tendon to serve as a “dynamic ligament” to resist forces and support the joint. this type of indirect support by muscles is very important at the shoulder joint, for example, where the ligaments are relatively weak.

additional structures associated with synovial joints

a few synovial joints of the body have a fibrocartilage structure located between the articulating bones. this is called an articular disc, which is generally small and oval-shaped, or a meniscus, which is larger and c-shaped. these structures can serve several functions, depending on the specific joint. in some places, an articular disc may act to strongly unite the bones of the joint to each other. examples of this include the articular discs found at the sternoclavicular joint or between the distal ends of the radius and ulna bones. at other synovial joints, the disc can provide shock absorption and cushioning between the bones, which is the function of each meniscus within the knee joint. finally, an articular disc can serve to smooth the movements between the articulating bones, as seen at the temporomandibular joint. some synovial joints also have a fat pad, which can serve as a cushion between the bones.

the sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including dna and rna. this backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.