Which statement describes an event that occurs during glycolysis that contributes to the production of ATP? A. Pyruvic acid is broken down to form carbon dioxide.
B. Oxygen molecules are broken down and converted into pyruvic acid.
C. High-energy electrons and hydrogen ions are passed to NAD+ forming NADH.
D. Carbon atoms in glucose are transferred to ADP, forming ATP.

C. High-energy electrons and hydrogen ions are passed to NAD+ forming NADH.

Explanation:

The sixth step in glycolysis is the first of the two-energy-conserving reactions of glycolysis which results in the formation of ATP. This step involves the oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.

In the oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, high-energy electrons and hydrogen ions are passed to NAD⁺ forming NADH.

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + inorganic phosphate + NAD⁺ >  1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH + H⁺

The NADH produced in this reaction transports the high-energy electrons passed to it through the electron transport chain to produce ATP in oxidative phosphorylation.

synovial joints are characterized by the presence of a joint cavity. the walls of this space are formed by the articular capsule, a fibrous connective tissue structure that is attached to each bone just outside the area of the bone’s articulating surface. the bones of the joint articulate with each other within the joint cavity.

friction between the bones at a synovial joint is prevented by the presence of the articular cartilage, a thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the entire articulating surface of each bone. however, unlike at a cartilaginous joint, the articular cartilages of each bone are not continuous with each other. instead, the articular cartilage acts like a teflon® coating over the bone surface, allowing the articulating bones to move smoothly against each other without damaging the underlying bone tissue. lining the inner surface of the articular capsule is a thin synovial membrane. the cells of this membrane secrete synovial fluid (synovia = “a thick fluid”), a thick, slimy fluid that provides lubrication to further reduce friction between the bones of the joint. this fluid also provides nourishment to the articular cartilage, which does not contain blood vessels. the ability of the bones to move smoothly against each other within the joint cavity, and the freedom of joint movement this provides, means that each synovial joint is functionally classified as a diarthrosis.

outside of their articulating surfaces, the bones are connected together by ligaments, which are strong bands of fibrous connective tissue. these strengthen and support the joint by anchoring the bones together and preventing their separation. ligaments allow for normal movements at a joint, but limit the range of these motions, thus preventing excessive or abnormal joint movements. ligaments are classified based on their relationship to the fibrous articular capsule. an extrinsic ligament is located outside of the articular capsule, an intrinsic ligament is fused to or incorporated into the wall of the articular capsule, and an intracapsular ligament is located inside of the articular capsule.

at many synovial joints, additional support is provided by the muscles and their tendons that act across the joint. a tendon is the dense connective tissue structure that attaches a muscle to bone. as forces acting on a joint increase, the body will automatically increase the overall strength of contraction of the muscles crossing that joint, thus allowing the muscle and its tendon to serve as a “dynamic ligament” to resist forces and support the joint. this type of indirect support by muscles is very important at the shoulder joint, for example, where the ligaments are relatively weak.

additional structures associated with synovial joints

a few synovial joints of the body have a fibrocartilage structure located between the articulating bones. this is called an articular disc, which is generally small and oval-shaped, or a meniscus, which is larger and c-shaped. these structures can serve several functions, depending on the specific joint. in some places, an articular disc may act to strongly unite the bones of the joint to each other. examples of this include the articular discs found at the sternoclavicular joint or between the distal ends of the radius and ulna bones. at other synovial joints, the disc can provide shock absorption and cushioning between the bones, which is the function of each meniscus within the knee joint. finally, an articular disc can serve to smooth the movements between the articulating bones, as seen at the temporomandibular joint. some synovial joints also have a fat pad, which can serve as a cushion between the bones.

hey, i believe your answer would be d. sugar ribose and the base uracil. i believe this is the answer, because rna consists of sugar ribose, adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.

your first option is incorrect, because that's dna. where it consists of sugar deoxyribose, adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine.

your second option is also incorrect, this is because sugar deoxyribose is in dna, and uracil is in rna. these two do not make sense together.

your third option being incorrect, because sugar ribose is in rna, but not the base of thymine. rna consists of uracil, not thymine.

lastly your fourth option being correct! this answer is correct, because both sugar ribose, and the base uracil are in rna! ~

answer is d. sugar ribose and the base uracil.