Which has been longer on earth, vertebrates or invertebrates?

Invertebrates

Explanation:

Invertebrates have existed since the late Precambrian Era about 3.5-3.7 billion years ago. Vertebrates didn't start existing until the late Ordovician Era when jawless fish evolved.

when a reversible reaction is occurring in both directions at the same rate; the products and reactants do not change in concentration. a chemical reaction where the compound is broken into its constituent parts.

explanation:

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answer; atp and nadph;