Which abiotic factors would you expect to influence the growth of trees in the mountains? Number of deer and insects
Types of trees and plants
Rainfall and the location on the mountain
Predator and prey population

The third option

Explanation:

Rainfall is a very important part in plant growth. The location of mountains is important because that's where the tree is gonna grow

the answer is d (apex) good luck : ))

the last one: artificial selection/genetic engineering

plant breeding is modifying the genetic composition of the plant - but this isn't cloning (which is specifically introducing a gene into a genome). but you are artificially selecting for the phenotype that you want.

the second one is literally genetic engineering - the gene would have been cloned first and then inserted or genetically engineered into the new plant cell (the cotton).