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To answer this question, researchers studied populations of the dusky salamander (desmognathus ochrophaeus) living on different mountain ranges in the southern appalachian mountains. the researchers tested the reproductive isolation of pairs of salamander populations by leaving one male and one female together and later checking the females for the presence of sperm. four mating combinations were tested for each pair of populations (a and b)—two within the same population (female a with male a and female b with male b) and two between populations (female a with male b and female b with male a). the proportion of successful matings for each mating combination was measured. for example, when all the matings of a particular combination were successful, the researchers gave it a value of 1; when none of the matings were successful, they gave it a value of 0. then the researchers calculated an index of reproductive isolation that ranged from 0 (no isolation) to 2 (full isolation). the reproductive isolation value for two populations is the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type within populations (aa + bb) minus the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type between populations (ab + ba). the table provides data for the geographic distances and reproductive isolation values for 27 pairs of dusky salamander populations.

The blue particles in this image are able to cross the cell membrane through simple diffusion. how will they be transported? outside the cell inside the cell o a. the substances will move directly across the membrane from outside the cell to inside the cell. b. the substances will move through channels in the membrane proteins from outside the cell to inside the cell. o c. the substances will move through channels in the membrane proteins from inside the cell to outside the cell. o d. the substances will move directly across the membrane from inside the cell to outside the cell.

Suppose you use three different scale to weigh a bag of organges. one scale says the nag weighs 2.1 lb, and third says it weighs 2.1 lb. the actual weight of the bag of organges is 2.153 lb. which of the following best decribes these results?