A researcher finds that males in two populations of bowerbirds make different types of structures to attract female birds. The males of population 1 build hut-shaped structures and decorate them with colorful objects. The males of population 2 loosely interweave sticks around a central pole and decorate it with dull-colored objects. Female bowerbirds prefer structures made by males of their own population.

Female luna moths (actias luna) attract males by emitting chemical signals that spread through the air. a male hundreds of meters away can detect these molecules and fly toward their source. the sensory organs responsible for this behavior are the comblike antennae visible in the photograph shown here. each filament of an antenna is equipped with thousands of receptor cells that detect the sex attractant. based on what you learned in this chapter, propose a hypothesis to account for the ability of the male moth to detect a specific molecule in the presence of many other molecules in the air. what predictions does your hypothesis make? design an experiment to test one of these predictions.