8. Two plants are grown using the same light and pots. One plant is given water that has been microwaved and the other plant is given regular tap water. Their height is measured after 2 weeks. independent and dependent variable

Explanation:

The independent and the dependent variables are the two principal factors needed in an experiment.

•Manipulated variable: Refers to all the variables in an experiment that provoke a response in another variable. They are also known as independent variables. The independent variable changes or is controlled and modified in the experiment to analyze how the other variable responds to it. The researcher can change it to see what changes it implies in an object, process, trait, or anything that depends on them, to study its effects on the dependent variable. Usually, the independent variable is represented by the X letter. In the exposed example, the researcher manipulates the water given to the plants.  One plant receives water that has been microwaved and the other plant receives regular tap water.

•Responding variable: Refers to the dependant variable. The dependent variable is the one that is being investigated, studied, and measured. It represents a quantity of something which value depends on how the independent variable is modified. A change in the dependent variable might be proportional or inversely proportional to the change in the manipulated variable. It is usually identified by the letter Y.  In the exposed example, the dependent variable is the height of each plant after 2 weeks of treatment.

•Controlled variable: Refers to those variables in an experiment that are controlled and have no influence on the results. These variables do not affect the change in the dependent variable values. In the exposed example these are the light and pots.

b is the correct answer