When scientists have made many observations and collected existing data, they suggest a possible explanation for what they have seen and recorded. this explanation, called a hypothesis, is a statement that both explains their observations and data and can be tested. hypothesizing is a very important step in scientific investigations. a statement is testable if evidence can be collected that either supports or disproves it. a hypothesis may be shown to be wrong, but it can never be proved true beyond all doubt. it can only be supported by evidence. at any time, new data might indicate that a previously accepted hypothesis does not hold true in all instances. scientists often must refine and revise their original hypotheses—or even discard them—as they uncover new evidence. to test a hypothesis, scientists make a prediction that logically follows from the hypothesis. a prediction is a statement made in advance that states the results that will be obtained from testing a hypothesis, if the hypothesis is true. a prediction most often takes the form of an “if-then” statement. a hypothesis is often tested by carrying out an experiment. experimenting is the process of testing a hypothesis and its predictions by gathering data under controlled conditions. Question
1- What key vocabulary terms are contained in this passage?

2- give the meaning of these terms.

The collared lizard is a species found in the desert southwest. male collared lizards show considerable color variation, ranging from brightly colored to a very dull pattern. your goal is to determine the function, if any, of male color patterns in collared lizards, using the scientific method. your tentative explanation is that male color plays a role in attracting females for mating purposes. you predict that females will preferentially choose brightly colored males over dull-colored ones. to test this prediction, you observed the interactions of female collared lizards with their male counterparts. you selected males that were the same age and size, and that differed only in their coloration pattern. you placed equal numbers of the two types of male lizards, bright and dull, in aquariums, along with one female lizard per aquarium. out of 350 aquariums observed, the female chose to mate with the brightly colored male 277 times, and the dull-colored male 70 times. in 3 instances, the females did not mate with either type. create a bar graph of your data, plotting the type of male (dull or brightly colored) on the x-axis. on the y-axis, plot the frequency with which each type of male was chosen by females. using this graph, answer the following question(s). is it reasonable to conclude (i.e., is it supported by the data) that female collared lizards prefer more brightly colored male lizards over dull-colored males?

Which would best keep the oxygen cycle stable? a. cutting down jungles to create farmland b. eliminating parks in large cities c. dumping toxic chemicals into the ocean d. reducing the amount of deforestation d. reducing the amount of deforestation

Which of th following best describes how genes produce traits in an organism?