. As biochemists we are aware that the sequence of proteins influences their 3D structure and that these structures ultimately define the final function of each protein. Give these facts explain how the sequence and structure of K+ channels influence what ions are to be transported.

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Explanation:

Potassium channels have the ability to allow only potassium ions to pass through with a remarkable accuracy. This is achieved due to the presence of a selectivity filter. There are 8 molecules of water that surround this filter. If the K+ ion is to go through the filter, it will have to lose these molecules. The dimensions of this pore, as determined by its 3D structure, correspond only to the K+ ions and not Na+ ions which are smaller in size and thus, will not be able to pass through the filter.

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