Which is NOT a principle of genetics?

a) The recessive trait will always show up

b) Traits are determined by gene pairs

c) Traits are passed from parents to offspring

d) Genes are usually dominant or recessive

sexual reproduction produces offspring with novel combinations of genes. species that reproduce sexually must maintain two different types of individuals, males and females, which can limit the ability to colonize new habitats as both sexes must be present.

image result for how many calories of energy will 20 grams of carbohydrates provide in one gram provides 4 calories

consuming the right balance of protein, carbohydrates and fat can you maintain a healthy weight and optimize your energy levels. protein and carbohydrates both contain 4 calories per gram, while fat provides 9 calories per gram.

cellular respiration oxidizes food into energy in the form of atps.

glycolysis (6 c hexose) > 2x atps are used > 6c hexose biphosphate > 2 x 3c triphosphate >

2 x 3c pyruvate (2x nadh produced from nad) and (4x atp produced)

pyruvate actively pumped mitochondrial matrix.