Scientists digging in a cave found an unknown substance. The scientists found that the substance’s molecules were moving around each other. The scientists increased the speed of the substance’s molecules and caused a phase change. How did the scientists do this, and how did this affect the substance?

The scientists transferred energy . . .

a

into the substance, and the substance changed into a gas.

b

into the substance, and the substance changed into a liquid.

c

out of the substance, and the substance changed into a solid.

d

out of the substance, and the substance changed into a liquid.

Awoman whose sister tested positive for a specific mutation in the brca1 gene, which increases the risk for breast and ovarian cancer, is found not to have that mutation but does have a mutation of unknown significance near the known mutation site. how should this woman be counseled? select one: a. she should be informed that her risk for breast cancer is greater than the general population but not as great as her sister’s risk. b. she should be informed that because she does not have the mutation, her risk for breast cancer is not greater than that of the general population. c. she should be informed of her gene mutation status and be presented with all the available prophylaxis options and reconstruction options. d. she should be informed that she does not have the specific mutation but that because another mutation is present she should be vigilant about screening

What advantages does a pedigree have over a written passage?

Use the above pedigree for questions 1,2, and 3 1. what kind of genetic disorder is represented in the pedigree? a. recessive b. dominate refer to the pedigree in question 1. 2. is the mutated gene in this disorder located on a sex chromosome (x or y) or an autosome? a. sex chromosome b. autosome refer to the pedigree in question 1. 3. which generation has individuals that you are certain are heterozygous for the mutated gene? a. generation 1 b. generation 2 c. generation 3