Priscilla Lane and Margaret Green studied the linkage relations of three genes affecting coat color in mice: mahogany (mg), agouti (a), and ragged (Rg). They carried out a series of three-point crosses, mating mice that were heterozygous at all three loci with mice that were homozygous for the recessive alleles at these loci. The following table lists the results of the testcrosses.
a Rg + 1
+ + mg 1
a + + 15
+ Rg mg 9
+ + + 16
a Rg mg 36
a + mg 76
+ Rg + 69
Total 223
a. Determine the order of the loci that encode mahogany, agouti, and ragged on the chromosome, the map distances between them, and the interference and coefficient of coincidence for these genes.
b. Draw a picture of the two chromosomes in the triply heterozygous mice used in the testcrosses, indicating which of the alleles are present on each chromosome.

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, controlling virtually every reaction within as well as providing structure and serving as signals to other cells. proteins are long chains of  amino acids  , and the exact sequence of the amino acids determines the final structure and function of the protein. instructions for that sequence are encoded in  genes  . to make a particular protein, a messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) copy is made from the gene (in the process called  transcription  ), and the mrna is transported to the  ribosome  . protein synthesis, also called  translation  , begins when the two ribosomal subunits link onto the mrna. this step, called initiation, is followed by elongation, in which successive amino acids are added to the growing chain, brought in by transfer rnas (trnas). in this step, the ribosome reads the  nucleotides  of mrna three by three, in units called  codons  , and matches each to three nucleotides on the trna, called the anticodon. finally, during termination, the ribosome unbinds from the mrna, and the  amino acid  chain goes on to be processed and folded to make the final, functional protein