During chemiosmosis:
a concentration gradient is generated when large numbers of H ions are passively transported from the matrix of the mitochondria to the mitochondrion's intermembrane space.
ATP is synthesized when H ions move through a channel in ATP synthase.
energy is released as H ions move freely across mitochondrial membranes.
H ions serve as the final electron acceptor.

The answer is atmosphere. there are four spheres of the earth: 1. geosphere (from greek word 'geo' = ground), 2. hydrosphere (from greek word 'hydro' = water), 3. biosphere (from greek word 'bio' = life), and 4. atmosphere (from greek word 'atmo' = air). a magnetosphere is a region of space around astronomical objects controlled by the magnetic field of that object. through the process of elimination, since lightning is present in the air, it can be found in the atmosphere.

That is true tge cactus as a structural adaptation to its envirinment has it leaves reduced to spines. but this doesnt mean it cant produce food it produces food because of the presence of chlorophyll in its stem

Photo means light and synthesis means combination so combination of light