Drainage water from Iron Mountain Mine, located near Redding, California, has high concentrations of heavy metals and sulfuric acid. The acid is produced through the oxidation of pyrite minerals by bacteria and archaea. Prior to cleanup efforts by the Environmental Protection Agency, the Spring Creek Reservoir, which collects the mine drainage water, set the record for the most acidic natural water ever sampled on Earth. Incredibly, a biofilm of several archaeal and bacterial species grew on the surface of mine drainage water with a pH of 0.8. If you isolated an acidophilic species from this drainage water, extracted its cytoplasmic proteins, and transferred them into a solution at pH 0.8, would the extracted enzymes be catalytically active at this pH?

a. Yes
b. No

Most of earth’s fresh water is found in oceans and seas stored in glaciers and ice caps groundwater stored beneath the surface found in lakes, rivers, streams, and reservoirs

Over the past 60 years, many amphibian species have experienced significant population declines and some species have become extinct. scientists suspected that local human activities such as the destruction of wetlands, regional pollution, and deforestation were the main reasons for these losses. however, research over the past 20 years reveals significant amphibian population declines in protected areas of the world, such as nature preserves and parks. these global declines suggest widespread problems including increased ultraviolet radiation, acid rain, and disease. in switzerland, for example, 14 of the 20 native amphibian species are threatened with extinction. chytridiomycosis is a fungal disease first identified in 1998 as a cause of massive amphibian deaths. in some severely impacted populations, a few individuals have survived, perhaps because of some natural resistance. if these resistant individuals continue to survive and prosper, new resistant populations might emerge. this would be an example of the founder effect artificial selection genetic drift natural selection sexual selection

Researchers want to use edna to look for an invasive species in the water which of the steps would be likely do last