Questions
1. Describe the steps of lytic infection typical to a DNA virus like herpes simplex virus.

The steps involved in herpes simplex virus lytic cycle are: attachment on the epithelial cells. Penetration of the herpes virus inside the cell. Uncontrolled replication of the virus takes place. The virion gets assembled and finally released by bursting the cell.

Explanation:

The lytic infection of the virus results in breaking of bacterial or any cell after its replication.The lytic infection is phage infecting bacteria and getting replicated and bursts the cell of bacteria.

There are 5 stages in which lytic infection takes place in any virus like herpes simplex virus:

Attachment on bacterial cell wall:

penetration of virus

biosynthesis

maturation

release of virions

During the infection the HSV genes are expressed in the epithelial cells and get replicated resulting in sores and irritations as in genitals.

the cycle is generally 18- 20 hours long.

"do a testcross with a homozygous recessive plant."

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.