Match each type of association with the best example:

1. commensalism
2. mutualism
3. parasitism
4. amensalism

a. A mold produces a chemical that kills bacteria without apparently benefiting
b. "Aerobic bacteria in the human colon consume oxygen, making it possible for anaerobic species to survive"
c. "Flagellates live in the gut of termites, feeding on the wood consumed by the termite and allowing the termite access to nutrition and energy in wood that they could not otherwise digest"
d. "A helminth takes up residence in a human digestive tract, consuming nutrients"

1. commensalism "Aerobic bacteria in the human colon consume oxygen, making it possible for anaerobic species to survive"

2. mutualism "Flagellates live in the gut of termites, feeding on the wood consumed by the termite and allowing the termite access to nutrition and energy in wood that they could not otherwise digest"

3. parasitism "A helminth takes up residence in a human digestive tract, consuming nutrients"

4. amensalism "A mold produces a chemical that kills bacteria without apparently benefiting"

Explanation:

1. commensalism: one species benefits while the other species neither benefit nor prejudiced  

2. mutualism: two species benefit

3. parasitism: one species benefits while the other species is prejudiced  

4. amensalism: one species is unaffected while the other species is prejudiced

ecological efficiency: % of usable energy transferred as

biomass from one trophic level to the next typical is 10% efficient (90% of

energy is lost),is diagramed as the pyramid of energy flow. then osprey eagle

are tertiary consumer and the shrimp are primary consumer, so to balance

mass of shrimp (1/0.1) / 0.1 = 100 kg