A vertical line with arrowheads at both ends has tick marks every 4 units with the tick marks for negative 4, 0, 8 labeled. The tick mark two past 8 has an X next to it. What is the position of point X? –16 –12 12 16

According to the theory of punctuated equilibrium, at what rate does speciation occur? species change depending on the rate of natural selection. after periods of stasis, new species evolve relatively rapidly. species change slowly and eventually form new species. some species change quickly and others change slowly to balance the overall rate.

Based on anatomical similarities, to which modern animal is dr. digger’s creature most closely related?

Select the correct answer. which mutation is harmful to the organism? a. a mutation allowing moths to camouflage better on blackened tree bark b. a mutation making staphylococcus aureus resistant to the antibiotic methicillin c. a mutation inhibiting human immunodeficiency virus from attaching to and entering the cell d. a mutation causing uncontrolled cell division e. a mutation giving plant leaves a bitter taste to discourage herbivores from eating them