Charlie's investigation of the relationship between length of commute to work and blood pressure revealed a significant causal effect of time spent commuting on elevated blood pressure. Which of the following could represent this finding?

A. t(45) = 4.21, p = .61, d = .19.B. t(45) =7.53, p = .04, d = .65.C. t(45) = 2.72, p = .10, d = .23.D. t(45) = 3.99, p = .08, d = .31.

answer:

convection currents in the magma drive plate tectonics. heat generated from the radioactive decay of elements deep in the interior of the earth creates magma (molten rock) in the aesthenosphere. the aesthenosphere (70 ~ 250 km) is part of the mantle, the middle sphere of the earth that extends to 2900 km.

emerging idea only occurs as a raw idea that could appear out of nowhere. meanwhile, to reach scientific consensus , that idea must be structured and tested over and over again through various experiments. the scientific consensus transforms the raw idea into idea that is more reliable through the process of scientific elimination.

only about ten percent of the energy at one trophic level is passed on to organisms at the next trophic level. the remainder of the energy is used in life processes or lost as heat.