A synovial joint is surrounded by a two-layer which encloses a fluid-filled space called the . The outer layer of this structure consists of which is continuous with the periosteum of each bone.
The outer layer may be reinforced by which are bundles of collagenous fibers. Some of these bundles are part of the capsule while others are located outside of the capsule. By definition, the structures, such as some ligaments, that are located outside the capsule are called . The inner layer of the joint capsule is the , consisting of . The inner lining of the joint capsule secretes a fluid called . This fluid is viscous, and it moistens and lubricates the surfaces within the joint capsule.

A synovial joint is surrounded by a two layer joint capsule which encloses a fluid filled space called the synovial cavity. The outer layer of this structure consists of dense connective tissue which is continuous with the periosteum of each bone. The outer layer may be reinforced by ligaments which are bundles of collagenous fibers. Some of these bundles are part of the capsule while other are located outside of the capsule. By definition, the structures, such as some ligaments, that are located outside the capsule are called accessory structures. The inner layer of the joint capsule is the synovial membrane, consisting of loose connective tissue. The inner lining of the joint capsule secretes a fluid called synovial fluid. This fluid is viscous, and moistens and lubricates the surfaces within the joint capsule

the transfer of energy between two molecules spaced just nanometers apart plays a key role in many technologies, including photovoltaics, quantum information systems, lighting, and sensors, as well as in biophysics to measure nanometer distances and in photosynthesis. but an open question in this area is what effect, if any, the surrounding photonic environment has on this nanoscale energy transfer. by designing and performing a carefully controlled experiment to answer this question, scientists have settled the debate and found clues to improving the efficiency of many of the technologies that rely on this process.

explanation:

d) center of the mid-ocean ridge

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