Help me please Explain

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above

on island x the species needed to adapt because they were being subject to predators which didn't inhabit island y.  

a

explanation:

answer; lower are;