2. Why does the temperature of
different layers of the atmos-
phere vary?
a. because air temperature
increases as altitude increases
b. because the amount of energy
radiated from the sun varies
C. because of interference by
humans
d. because of the composition of
gases in each layer

Sarah is sitting at the top of the slide in the schools playground. which will increase sarah’s kinetic energy a- an additional child is added to the top of the slide. b- sarah is pushed and moves down the slide. c- sarah climbs down the ladder and off the slide. d- the ladder is moved to the other side of the yard.

Over the past 60 years, many amphibian species have experienced significant population declines and some species have become extinct. scientists suspected that local human activities such as the destruction of wetlands, regional pollution, and deforestation were the main reasons for these losses. however, research over the past 20 years reveals significant amphibian population declines in protected areas of the world, such as nature preserves and parks. these global declines suggest widespread problems including increased ultraviolet radiation, acid rain, and disease. in switzerland, for example, 14 of the 20 native amphibian species are threatened with extinction. chytridiomycosis is a fungal disease first identified in 1998 as a cause of massive amphibian deaths. in some severely impacted populations, a few individuals have survived, perhaps because of some natural resistance. if these resistant individuals continue to survive and prosper, new resistant populations might emerge. this would be an example of the founder effect artificial selection genetic drift natural selection sexual selection

Explain why phospholipid molecules form a bilayer. (3 marks)