When a gene changes within a life span, this process is referred to as
a. evolution
b. mutation
c. transformation
d. natural selection

Mutation

Explanation:

The mutation is a change in a gene. This always put an adverse impact on the individual. A mutation may be heritable and non-heritable. The mutation leads to variation and natural selection which results in evolution. The sickle cell anaemia, the sudden growth of excess hair in the face of the male are the examples of mutation. The mutation is fatal as it happens in DNA and the defective nucleotide synthesise repeatedly and it is difficult to control.

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.