Cell Respiration Fill-In Notes

The ultimate goal of cell respiration is to convert in food to chemical energy stored in . ATP can for processes such as across cell membranes, protein synthesis, and muscle contraction.

Any , including carbohydrates, fats/lipids, and proteins can be broken down into molecules (process called ) and used as a source of to produce ATP.

The order in which this occurs is 1st

2nd

3rd

To transfer energy stored in to an ATP molecule, the cell must glucose in a series of steps:

The first stage is . In glucolysis, a is broken down into . A net gain of ATP are made.

OXYGEN MUST BE AVAILABLE TO CONTINUE! OXYGEN MUST BE AVAILABLE TO CONTINUE!

This is called . It takes place in the (The powerhouse of the cell).

Pyruvic acid produced by goes into the mitochondria. The , a cycle of chemical reactions, breaks down pyruvic acid into and a small amount of .

The second stage of aerobic respiration is . This is a series of chemical reactions that transfers into a lot of .

is released from the Krebs Cycle.

is released from the electron transport chain.

Up to ATP molecules can be made from 1 molecule (2 from and from aerobic respiration.)

Most of the energy released by cell respiration is not but is .

NO OXYGEN! NO OXYGEN! NO OXYGEN! NO OXYGEN! NO OXYGEN! NO OXYGEN! NO OXYGEN! NO OXYGEN!

When no oxygen is available, energy must be obtained through . is an anaerobic process that allows glycolysis to continue making in the absence of . Glycolysis is an process too.

Fermentation is not an efficient process. Only ATP are made in this process.

There are two types of fermentation:

in muscle tissues during depletes oxygen in the muscle cells. Lactic acid fermentation is also used by to produce and sauerkraut.

Once oxygen becomes available again, muscle cells will return to .

is used by yeast cells. Yeast are found in the kingdom.

In this process, pyruvic acid formed during is broken down to produce and .

Energy released can be used by glycolysis to make .

Aerobic or Anaerobic

Organism

Where does it occur in the cell?

Inputs (Reactants)

Outputs (products)

Glycolysis

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation