Why is the sunlight more intense than when it strikes the earths surface more directly?

If assuming tasting ptc as a simple gene trait,what other genotype would you select to put in this missing genotype box that could result in this phenotype

In the sentence "a mining company will consider the distribution of coal when deciding how to mine the coal," what does the word distribution mean?

Which is an example of a vestigial structure? a: paw of a lionb: wing of a birdc: appendix of a humand: tail of a cat(i think it's a but i'm not sure)