What does the presence of a vestigial structure in a modern organism indicate?

a
Natural selection prepares the body of organisms so that, in the future, the vestigial structures may be used.
b
The vestigial structure was not used by the modern organism, so it became nonfunctional within the organism's lifetime.
c
A limited number of genes are expressed during the lifetime of an organism.
d
The structure was probably functional in some ancestor of the modern organism.

The answer is D, The structure was probably functional in some ancestor of the modern organism. Vestigial structures are structures that have remained from ancestors but have no function in modern times.

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the answer is; comparing the frequency of collisions with and without the device

this makes the anti-collision system an independent variable and the collisions a dependent variable. if there are fewer collisions with an anti-collision system that without, then it can be stated that the system is a success. essentially, collisions under an anti-collision system are compared with the frequency of collisions by cars with the human drivers.

a researcher conducts an experiment on the secretion of a particular hormone in mice. scientists inject mice with a substance that stimulates the production of the hormone. the scientists then test the levels of hormones produced by the mice. the tool used to measure the hormones consistently detects the levels at 10 points lower than the actual hormone levels in the mice. this tool makes measurements, but the measurements aren't .

explanation:

no u