Jane likes playing football.
When she plays football, she uses more energy than usual.
Some of her body systems work faster than normal.

Task:
Describe what happens to her circulation system and her breathing
system when she plays football. Explain why these changes happen.
Draw diagrams to help explain your ideas.

Keywords to include: respiration, heart, lungs, oxygen, carbon dioxide,
alveoli, inhalation, exhalation, diffusion, red blood cells (13 marks)

Firstly, when we exercise, or do some activity (in this case football), we use more energy than usual...

The reason some of her body systems work faster than normal, is to keep the body working and in the equilibrium, so that she won’t get tired too fast.

Related to circulation, her blood flow increases, since she needs more oxygen to reach the muscles faster, due to the exercise/activity (Lactic acid builds up, so more oxygen is required.)

Her breathing increases to take in more oxygen(O2), and give out more carbon dioxide(CO2).

Her body respires more(respiration), both aerobically(with oxygen), and anaerobically(without oxygen), lactic acid builds up due to anaerobic respiration.

(Here, energy is released from glucose to generate a substance called lactic acid. ... Therefore anaerobic respiration cannot be used for a prolonged period of time without having damaging effects on a cell.)

When she inhales (Oxygen), it goes to the lungs, to the alveoli ( Alveoli are tiny air sacs in your lungs that take up the oxygen you breathe in and keep your body going)

In the Alveoli, diffusion takes place, this is where oxygen is diffused into the blood, and carbon dioxide is diffused (taken into) into the lungs.

Then we exhale, which gives out the carbon dioxide(CO2), this happens really fast, we also breathe so fast, this process happens within seconds.

Red blood cells contain something called haemoglobin, this combines with oxygen To form oxyhaemoglobin, then when the red blood cell reaches the muscle, it gives the oxygen, converting oxyhaemoglobin back to  haemoglobin.

Heart: pumps blood faster (as I said before), to ensure oxygen gets distributed faster to where it’s needed

the sphincter muscles at the end of the digestive tract is the anus.

the electromagnetic energy from the sun arrives in the form of visible and invisible light.