A dog with the genotype ‘Aa’ would be

Heterozygous, and would express the dominant trait.

Explanation:

If the dog has one allele for each trait (A and a) it would be considered heterozygous because it has two different alleles for that particular gene, and since A is dominant over a (indicated by the capital A) the dog will express whichever trait is linked to the A allele.

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the correct answer is: b. pantala flavescens, because these organisms would have a high level of genetic variation due to sexual reproduction.  

because involves two organisms (parents) whose genetic material combines, sexual reproduction leads to genetic variation in new generations of offspring. the offspring is an unique organism, with new genome, more protected with the higher ability to adapted. this process is fundamental to evolution.